Ubushakashatsi bwa siyansi bwerekana ko abagore bari mu myanya y’inshingano n’ubuyobozi bakunze gufatwa nabi cyangwa kunengwa byihuse, atari uko batabishoboye, ahubwo bitewe n’umuco w’akazi ushingiye ku myumvire gakondo iganje ku bagabo.
Nubwo bimeze bityo, ibimenyetso byinshi byagaragaje ko ibigo biyobowe n’abagore bishobora gutera imbere kurushaho.
Ibi bituma hibazwa niba hakwiye gushyirwaho umubare wihariye w’abagore mu buyobozi.
Abagore n’igitutu cyo kwigana imyitwarire y’abagabo
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko abagore benshi bifuza kugera ku myanya y’ubuyobozi akenshi bifata bakigana imyitwarire ifatwa nk’iy’abagabo, nk’ukugira amagambo akakaye, kwirinda kugaragaza amarangamutima, cyangwa kugaragara nk’abadacogora.
Ibi biterwa n’amategeko atanditse amaze igihe kirekire agenga aho bakorera, akenshi hubakiye ku muco wiganjemo abagabo.
Mu gitabo How to Break the Rules, abanditsi nka Ingrid van der Chijs na Nancy Poleon bagaragaza ko iyo myumvire ari ikosa rikomeye.
Ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko kuba uwo uri we, ukagaragaza ukuri kwawe (authenticity), ari byo bituma habaho umwuka mwiza mu kazi no mu mikorere y’ikigo.
Ivangura abagore bahura na ryo
Nubwo byoroshye kubivuga, kubishyira mu bikorwa biragoye. Nk’uko Jenny Veldman, umushakashatsi muri kaminuza ya Utrecht, abivuga, ivangura ryashinze imizi. Akazi gategerwaho abagabo ni ukuba abanyambaraga, bayobora kandi bafata ibyemezo bikomeye. Ku bagore ho, bitegerwaho kuba abumva, batuje kandi bagira impuhwe.
Ibi byigishwa abana bakiri bato: umuhungu ashobora kwigaragaza cyane ntabyitirirweho, ariko umukobwa ugaragaye cyane ahita anengwa.
Ikindi kandi, abagore bakunze gufatwa nk’abagomba gushyira imbere umuryango, mu gihe abagabo bafatwa nk’abashyira imbere akazi.
75% by’abagore bafite impungenge zo kutaba babikwiriye
Ubushakashatsi bwo mu 2021 bwakozwe na Nyenrode Business University bwerekanye ko iri vangura ari ryo rikumira abagore kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru mu bucuruzi. N’iyo bagaragaje ubushobozi, bakunze kwitwa “abataruhije” cyangwa amagambo asebanya.
Ubushakashatsi mpuzamahanga bwa KPMG bwo mu 2023 bwagaragaje ko 75% by’abagore bayobora bagira impungenge zo kwibwira ko batazabasha inshingano bahawe (imposter syndrome), bagatinya ko abandi bazamenya ko “batabikwiriye”, nubwo mu by’ukuri babifitiye ubushobozi.
Ikindi gitangaje ni uko abagore basaba akazi gusa iyo bujuje ibisabwa byose, mu gihe abagabo bo biyumvamo ubushobozi n’iyo bujuje nka 60% by’ibisabwa. Ubushakashatsi bwo muri Ositaraliya bwo mu 2022 bwanagaragaje ko abagabo bakunze kwibona nk’abanyabwenge kurusha uko bimeze, ugereranyije n’abagore.
Kwigumana uwo uri we bitanga umusaruro
Igitekerezo gikomeye kigaragara mu gitabo How to Break the Rules ni uko abagore batagombye kwitandukanya n’uwo bari bo kugira ngo bemerwe. Iyo banze igitutu cyo kwigana indangagaciro ziganjemo ubusumbane, bazana uburyo bushya bwo kureba ibintu, gukorera hamwe no kuyobora.
Ubushakashatsi bwo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ku bakozi 2,000 bwagaragaje ko abayobozi b’abagore bashyiraho umwuka mwiza mu kazi, bikongera umusaruro kandi bikagabanya abava mu kazi. Ibi byafashije ibigo kuzigama amafaranga menshi cyane.
Nanone, ubushakashatsi bwa Harvard Business Review bwerekanye ko ababyeyi b’abagore bafite abana bakora neza kurushaho, kuko bazi gushyira mu by’ingenzi, gutegura igihe no kwihuta mu kwiyumvisha impinduka.
Ese hakwiye gushyirwaho quota y’abagore?
Jenny Veldman asobanura ko mu by’ukuri abagore benshi, iyo bashaka gutera imbere, bagerageza kwitwara nk’uko umuco wiganjemo abagabo ubiteganya. Hari n’igihe abagore ubwabo bagora abandi bagore, bashaka kugaragaza ko nabo bashoboye nk’abagabo.
Ni yo mpamvu atemera ko gushyiraho quota byonyine byaba igisubizo. Ashyira ikibazo ku bigo ubwabyo: ese byiteguye gusuzuma umuco wabyo no kureba niba utanga amahirwe angana kuri bose?
Icyakora, igisubizo nyacyo si ugushinja abagore. Ibigo bifite inyungu yo kugira abakozi batandukanye, kandi bishobora kubigeraho binyuze mu gushyiraho ibisabwa bisobanutse mu gutanga akazi no mu kuzamura abakozi mu ntera. Iyo amahame asobanutse, ivangura riragabanuka, kandi abagore bagahabwa amahirwe angana n’abagabo.
Ibyo siyansi igaragaza birasobanutse: abagore bashoboye kuyobora neza, kongera umusaruro no guteza imbere ibigo, igihe bahabwa amahirwe angana n’umuco w’akazi utabavangira.