Urubanza rukomeye rwatangiye mu rukiko rukuru rwa Los Angeles muri Leta ya California, aho ibigo bikomeye ku isi mu mbuga nkoranyambaga, Meta (ifite Instagram) na YouTube (ifitwe na Google), bishinjwa kuba byarakoze imbuga zabyo mu buryo bugamije gutuma abana babatwa n’izo mbuga ku bushake.
Mu ijambo rye ribimburira urubanza, umwunganizi w’uregwa witwa K.G.M., Me Mark Lanier, yavuze ko umukiriya we yagize ibibazo bikomeye by’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bitewe no kubatwa n’imbuga nkoranyambaga.
Yagize ati: “Ibi bigo byubatse imashini zagenewe kubata ubwonko bw’abana, kandi babikoze babigambiriye.”
K.G.M. avugwa mu nyuguti ze gusa kuko ibyaha bivugwa byabaye akiri umwana. Me Lanier yashimangiye ko Meta na YouTube batigeze baburira abakoresha bato ku ngaruka zishobora guterwa n’imiterere y’imbuga zabo.
Mu rwego rwo kugaragaza ibyo avuga, Lanier yerekanye bimwe mu byanditswe imbere mu kigo cya Meta, harimo email yo mu 2015 aho Mark Zuckerberg yasabaga ko igihe abantu bamara ku mbuga za Meta cyiyongera ku gipimo cya 12% kugira ngo intego z’ubucuruzi zigerweho.
Ku ruhande rwa YouTube, Lanier yavuze ko uru rubuga rwibasiye by’umwihariko urubyiruko kuko rwari rushobora kwishyuza abamamaza amafaranga menshi kurushaho, kurusha uko byakorwaga kuri YouTube Kids. Yanavuze ko YouTube yashakaga kwifashisha ababyeyi bahuze bashaka “kurindisha abana telefoni” mu gihe badahari.
Ariko abunganira Meta na YouTube bo bavuze ko ibibazo bya K.G.M. bitaturutse ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, ahubwo byatewe n’ibibazo byo mu muryango we, birimo ihohoterwa ryo ku mubiri no mu magambo, uburangare bw’ababyeyi ndetse n’ihohoterwa rishingiye ku gusebanya (bullying).
Umwunganizi wa Meta, Paul Schmidt, yabwiye inteko iburanisha ko K.G.M. yari amaze igihe kinini ahura n’ibibazo byo mu muryango, ndetse ko yatangiye kubona abajyanama mu by’imitekerereze akiri muto cyane.
Urubanza ruteganyijwe kumara ibyumweru bitandatu, kandi rufite akamaro kanini kuko rushobora kuba urugero ku zindi manza nyinshi zitegerejwe mu bindi bice bya Amerika.
Biteganyijwe ko hazumvwa impuguke, ababyeyi bavuga ko abana babo bapfuye kubera ingaruka z’imbuga nkoranyambaga, ndetse n’abayobozi bakuru barimo Mark Zuckerberg, Adam Mosseri wa Instagram na Neal Mohan wa YouTube.
Hari kandi n’abahoze bakorera Meta baretse akazi bakaba abatangabuhamya (whistleblowers), biteganyijwe ko bazatanga ubuhamya ku bijyanye no kubatwa kw’abana n’imbuga nkoranyambaga.
Muri uru rubanza, Intara 29 za Amerika zatanze ikirego zisaba ko Meta yahindura cyangwa ihagarika bimwe mu bikorwa byayo. Basabye ko hakurwaho konti zose z’abana bari munsi y’imyaka 13, gusiba amakuru yabo yakusanyijwe, ndetse no guhagarika ikoreshwa rya za algoritimi n’ubwenge buhangano (AI) bwifashisha ayo makuru.
Banifuza ko hashyirwaho igihe ntarengwa abana bemerewe gukoresha izo mbuga, guhagarika uburyo nka “infinite scroll” na “autoplay” bufatwa nk’ububata abakoresha, no gukuraho filitire zongera ubwiza bw’amafoto.
Meta yo ivuga ko mu myaka ibiri ishize yashyizeho uburyo bwihariye bwa “teen accounts” bugamije kurinda abakiri bato, ariko abashinjacyaha bavuga ko ibyo ari uburyo bwo kwigaragaza neza mu ruhame (public relations) budatanga uburinzi bufatika.
Urubanza rurakomeje, kandi umwanzuro warwo ushobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku nganda z’imbuga nkoranyambaga no ku burenganzira bw’abana bazikoresha.