Mu isi ya none, interineti yabaye nk’umuyoboro w’ubuzima bwa buri munsi: ihuza abantu, ikwirakwiza amakuru, igafasha ubukungu, ikanabera abaturage ijwi ribaha ubushobozi bwo kugaragaza ibitekerezo byabo. Ariko muri Iran, mu bihe by’imyigaragambyo y’igihugu, iri koranabuhanga ryahindutse intwaro ya politiki. Leta yafashe icyemezo gikakaye cyo gukuraho interineti ku kigero kinini, ikoresheje icyo abasesenguzi bise “internet kill switch”, ibintu byashyize igihugu mu mwijima w’ikoranabuhanga – digital darkness.
Mu gihe imyigaragambyo yari ikomeje gufata intera mu mijyi itandukanye ya Iran, abaturage bakoresheje imbuga nkoranyambaga n’ubundi buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga mu gutegura imyigaragambyo, gusangiza amashusho, no kumenyesha amahanga ibibera mu gihugu. Ibi byahise bifatwa nk’icyago ku butegetsi, kuko byatumaga amakuru adakumirwa kandi atagenzurwa asakara hose.
Leta yahise ikoresha ububasha bwayo ku bigo by’itumanaho, igabanya cyane cyane imiyoboro ihuza Iran n’isi yose. Nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikigo gikurikirana ikoreshwa rya interineti ku rwego mpuzamahanga, urwego rw’ikoreshwa ryayo rwagabanutse rugera ku gice gito cyane ugereranyije n’ibisanzwe. Umuyobozi mukuru wa NetBlocks yabisobanuye nk’imwe mu nterineti zaciwe ku rwego rukabije kurusha izindi zigeze kubaho mu mateka.
Iyi “kill switch” ntiyagize ingaruka ku banyapolitiki cyangwa ku bigaragambya gusa, ahubwo yagize ingaruka zikomeye ku baturage basanzwe. Abacuruzi bifashisha interineti mu bucuruzi bwabo bahombye, abarwayi batabasha kubona serivisi z’ubuvuzi zifashisha ikoranabuhanga bagira ikibazo, abanyeshuri bacikirizwa amasomo yabo, naho imiryango igatandukanywa n’uko itabashaga kuvugana n’abayo bari mu mahanga.
Byongeye kandi, gucika kwa interineti byatumye amakuru y’ukuri abura uko asakara, hasigara amakuru ayobya n’ibihuha. Abaturage babaye nk’abari mu mwijima, batazi ibiri kubera mu bindi bice by’igihugu, bikaba byarafashije Leta kugabanya imbaraga z’imyigaragambyo no kuyigenzura byoroshye.
Gukata interineti nkana byazamuye impaka zikomeye ku burenganzira bwa muntu. Mu gihe interineti itakiri igikoresho cyo kwidagadura gusa, ahubwo yabaye umusingi w’uburenganzira bwo gutanga ibitekerezo no kubona amakuru, kuyica bifatwa na benshi nk’ivogerwa ry’uburenganzira bw’ibanze. Amashyirahamwe mpuzamahanga aharanira uburenganzira bwa muntu yagiye anenga Iran, ayisaba kureka gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu gucecekesha abaturage.
Ibyabaye muri Iran bitanga isomo rikomeye ku isi yose: ko interineti, nubwo ari ikoranabuhanga rihuza abantu, ishobora no gukoreshwa mu kubatandukanya no kubacecekesha. Bituma hibazwa uko ibihugu byashyiraho uburyo bwo kurinda ikoreshwa ryayo nk’uburenganzira rusange, no gukumira ko iba igikoresho cy’igitugu.
Mu gusoza, “Digital Darkness” ya Iran yerekanye ko mu gihe cy’imvururu za politiki, intambara itakiri iyo mu mihanda gusa, ahubwo iba no mu miyoboro y’ikoranabuhanga. Iyo interineti ikuweho, igihugu cyinjira mu mwijima utagaragara n’amaso, ariko wumva ingaruka zawo mu buzima bwa buri munsi bw’abaturage.
